This paper is a global review of seabird bycatch in gillnets. The authors identified 148 seabird species as susceptible to bycatch in gillnets, of which 81 have been recorded incidentally caught. A review of reported bycatch estimates suggests that at least 400,000 birds die in gillnets each year. The highest levels of bycatch are reported in the Northwest Pacific, Iceland, and the Baltic Sea.